Rice (Paddy)

Подтверждённые данные

Oryza sativa

Хариф (лето) · Punjab, India (PAU)

How to Apply Fertilizer Correctly

Practical field advice for Rice (Paddy) — knowing how to apply fertilizer matters as much as knowing how much.

What is the correct way to flood DAP for Rice (Paddy)?

Dissolve the DAP with a DAP solvent in a drum so it fully dissolves. Do NOT open the drum valve at the start of irrigation — wait until the water has covered about 25% of the plot (roughly 1–1.5 kanal in). Then open the valve. Close the drum valve about 10 minutes before you stop the water, so the last flow of water carries the dissolved fertilizer evenly to the far end of the field.

Should urea be flooded with irrigation water, or broadcast afterwards?

Do NOT flood urea. Flooding loses 40–50% of nitrogen through leaching (deep percolation) and denitrification (lost as gas). Instead, broadcast (chhatta) the urea 1–3 days after irrigation, when the soil is moist (tar-wattar condition). This gives 30%+ better absorption than flooding.

How can I distribute fertilizer evenly across the field?

Open the fertilizer drum valve only after irrigation water has already entered 1–1.5 kanal — opening it too early empties the drum before the far end is reached. If the field is not laser-leveled, divide one acre into 2–4 plots (kyare): 2 plots for heavy clay soils, 3–4 for loam, and fertigate each plot separately. Keep checking both the field and the drum during irrigation until you get a feel for the timing.

When should phosphorus and potash be applied?

Phosphorus (P₂O₅) and potash (K₂O) are best applied at sowing as a basal dose, placed in the seedbed. If you missed it at sowing, dissolve the fertilizer (use a DAP solvent for DAP) and flood it at the first or second irrigation — flooding is far more effective than broadcasting for phosphorus and potash at that stage.

Условия выращивания

Почва: Clay loam that holds standing water; pH 5.5–7.0.
Вода: Continuous shallow flooding for most of the season; drain before harvest.
Вегетационный сезон: Transplant June – July; harvest October – November.
Подходящие регионы: Punjab, India (PAU)

Фазы роста и подкормки

Basal (puddling/transplanting) · Day 0

Full phosphorus + potassium + ⅓ nitrogen.

Tillering · ~25–30 days

⅓ nitrogen.

Panicle initiation · ~50–55 days

Remaining ⅓ nitrogen.

На что обратить внимание

Stem borerLeaf folderBacterial leaf blightZinc deficiency (khaira disease)

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Связанные удобрения

Urea DAP MOP

Варианты органических удобрений

Хорошо перепревший навоз, компост или вермикомпост можно использовать как основное удобрение для улучшения почвы под Rice (Paddy) — они улучшают структуру почвы и медленно отдают питательные вещества в течение сезона. Поскольку состав органики различается в зависимости от источника, точную потребность в элементах питания добирайте минеральными удобрениями, рассчитанными под вашу культуру и регион.

Для этой культуры не существует проверенной дозы органических веществ для конкретной культуры — приведенные выше рекомендации являются общей практикой, а не взвешенной рекомендацией. Пройдите лабораторные испытания вашего материала для обеспечения точности планирования.

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Источники

Provincial agriculture departments / research institutes. PAU Package of Practices for Crops of Punjab, Kharif 2026 (IN-Punjab; P/K only on deficiency) — Punjab, India (PAU)

Последняя проверка: 2026-10-01